MATH 229 Section 11, Fall 2006

11:00-1:50 M T W Th F, DU 328

The final exam is scheduled for Friday morning (12/15) at 8:00 am in DuSable 302.

Professor: John Beachy, Watson 355, 753-6753
Office Hours: 12:00-2:00 W Th, or by appointment

Teaching Assistant: Kris Campbell, DuSable 352
Office Hours:

Stewart Companion website

Assignments | Quiz Solutions | Review | Class notes | Syllabus | List of homework problems

Handouts (in printable form):     Syllabus for my section | Syllabus for all sections | Homework problems

ASSIGNMENTS

Current assignments for 229 Section 11:

    DATE            DUE
Monday, 11/27    Hand in Takehome Quiz 7 on 4.9 and 4.10 
                 (You can download a copy above)
                 
Monday, 11/20    Hand in 4.9 #5,12,13,29  4.10 #11,15,22,33,55

Friday, 11/10    No quiz (too many exams lately)
                 Hand in 4.7 #2,6,9,12,16,28,29,34,35,45  (all assigned)

Wednesday, 11/8  Curve sketching problems due

Tuesday, 11/7    EXAM 2 (repeat)

Friday, 10/27    EXAM 2 on 3.5-3.10, 4.1-4.3    Review questions: 
                 3.5 #11,21,29,37,39  3.6 #11,19,23,35,39,51  3.7 #3,9,15,25,37
                 3.8 #13,15,21   3.9 #15,19,21,31  3.10 #9,19,33,41   
                 4.1 #35,47,49,51  4.2 #11,19  4.3 #17,19,29,31,51,60

Friday, 10/20    QUIZ 6 on 3.10, 4.1
                 Homework #8: 3.9 #19,20,26,27  3.10 #31.35,42
                              4.1 #31.34,39,51,53

Friday, 10/13    QUIZ 5 on 3.7 - 3.9
                 Homework #7: 3.7 #7,12,26  3.8 #8,10,51,53  3.9 #2,7,9

Friday, 10/6     Takehome QUIZ 4 on 3.5, 3.6 (due Monday)
                 Homework #6: 3.5 #10,12,33,36,40  3.6 #6,12,25,45,55

Friday, 9/27     Exam 1, covering through 3.3
                 No homework due

Friday, 9/22     QUIZ 3 covering sections 2.6, 3.1, 3.2
                 Homework #5: 2.6 #8,17  3.1 #4,8,18,25  3.2 #4,22,28,36

Friday, 9/15     QUIZ 2 covering sections 2.4 and 2.5
                 Homework #4: 2.4 #3,15,41  2.4 #4,16,20,33,39

Friday, 9/8      QUIZ 1 covering 2.1 - 2.3
                 Homework #3: 2.3 #4,12,18,26,40

Friday, 9/1      NO QUIZ
                 Homework #1: 1.1 #40,53,62  1.2 #14  1.3 #36
                 Homework #2: 2.1 #5,8  2.2 #6,23,25

MY SECTION

QUIZZES: You should expect a 20 minute quiz each Friday (20 points). I do not give makeup quizzes-if you have a valid excuse for missing a quiz you should check with me.

CALCULATORS: You are required to have a graphing calculator with capabilities similar to those of the TI-83 calculator. I encourage you to use it to check you homework problems. You will be required to use it on some quizzes, but on hour exams you will not be allowed to use it. The final exam will be designed so that a calculator is not necessary, and no calculators will be allowed on the final.

GENERAL ADVICE: The key ideas of calculus are not the main barrier in the course--they can be explained rather intuitively. In my experience, students have trouble in this course either

(1) because of a weak background in algebra or

(2) because they fall behind.

ON THE WEB: The WEB site Understanding Mathematics: a study guide has a good discussion about studying and learning mathematics. Here is a list of resources on the WEB.

DEPARTMENT SYLLABUS

TEXT: Calculus, 5th Ed., by James Stewart, McMaster University

COURSE OBJECTIVES: You are expected to acquire not only computational facility with the topics introduced, but also a basic understanding of the concepts and theory of calculus. Mathematics is a truly universal language; we want you to become more fluent in reading, writing, and using this precise language.

GRADING: Your grade will be based on 650 points as follows:

    3 one-hour examinations     300 points
    Final examination           200 points 
    Homework/quizzes            150 points

FINAL EXAM: The comprehensive departmental final exam is scheduled as a mass exam on Friday, December 15, 8:00-9:50 A.M.

COURSE WITHDRAWAL: The last day to withdraw is Friday, October 20.

CALCULATORS: A graphing calculator is required for the course. with capabilities similar to those of the TI-83 calculator. Graphing calculators will not be permitted on the final exam.

SYLLABUS: The course will cover Chapters 1-5, §6.1, and §8.7.

       Tentative lecture schedule
Monday  Wednesday  Thursday   Friday           M Tu  W Th  F
Intro      2.1       2.2       2.2        AUG 28 29 30 31  1
Holiday    2.3       2.3       2.4        SEP  4  5  6  7  8
 2.4       2.5       2.6       2.6            11 12 13 14 15
 3.1       3.2       3.2       3.3            18 19 20 21 22
 3.3       3.4      Review    EXAM 1          25 26 27 28 29
 3.5       3.6       3.6       3.7        OCT  2  3  4  5  6
 3.8       3.9       3.9       3.10            9 10 11 12 13
 4.1       4.2       4.3       4.3            16 17 18 19 20
 4.4       4.5      Review    EXAM 2          23 24 25 26 27
 4.6       4.7       4.7       4.7            30 31  1  2  3
 4.9       4.10      4.10      5.1        NOV  6  7  8  9 10
 5.1       5.2       5.2       5.3            13 14 15 16 17
 5.3       Thanksgiving    Holiday            20 21 22 23 24
 5.4       5.5       5.5      Exam 3          27 28 29 30  1
 6.1       6.1      15.3      Review      DEC  4  5  6  7  8
         FINAL EXAM   Friday, 8:00-9:50 am    11 12 13 14 15

ADVICE: The key to success in this course is to work as many problems as you can. The general rule in college is to spend at least two hours preparing for each class period. Above all, you can't afford to fall behind, since it is almost impossible to make up even a few days of lost time.

HOMEWORK PROBLEMS

Recommended problems: These homework problems are the key to your success in the course. They represent the minimum--do as many additional problems as possible. You should keep all of your homework problems in a notebook so that you can study from them for the final exam.

 Section           Exercises
   1.1  2, 7-9, 19, 21, 22, 24, 26, 32, 35, 38, 40, 48, 49, 53, 62
   1.2  2, 3, 6, 10, 14
   1.3  4, 10, 13, 16, 23, 27, 32, 36, 41, 50
   1.4  2, 12, 18, 22, 27, 30, 31

   2.1  2, 3, 4, 5, 8
   2.2  5, 6, 8, 12, 14, 15, 23, 25, 36
   2.3  1, 4, 5, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 21, 25, 26, 35, 40, 43, 46
   2.4  2, 3, 7, 15, 20, 24, 27, 41
   2.5  3, 4, 6, 11, 12, 15, 16, 20, 33, 39, 43, 47
   2.6  7, 8, 12, 15, 17, 18

   3.1  3, 4, 7, 8, 13, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 25
   3.2  4-7, 22, 23, 24, 28, 36
   3.3  5, 8, 12, 14, 17, 22, 23, 26, 32, 33, 36, 42, 51, 56, 58, 65, 67, 68
   3.4  1, 2, 7, 10, 13, 16, 22
   App. D       1, 2, 7, 8, 13-15, 17-21, 23, 24, 29, 30, 35, 36, 74, 78, 81
   3.5  2, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 23, 30, 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 41, 43
   3.6  2, 6, 7, 12, 17, 25, 29, 30, 34, 35, 40, 45, 52, 53, 55
   3.7  1, 7, 12, 17, 23, 26, 29, 31, 40
   3.8  1, 4, 5, 8, 10, 18, 26, 30, 33, 35, 38, 44, 51, 53
   3.9  1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 19, 20, 26, 27

   4.1  3, 14, 16, 18, 25, 30, 31, 34, 37, 39, 45, 46, 51, 53, 55
   4.2  2, 6, 12, 17, 19, 23, 24
   4.3  2, 8, 11, 14, 16-18, 22, 24, 28, 30, 34, 35, 40, 52
   4.4  4, 7, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, 43, 44, 51, 52
   4.5  3, 5, 9, 11, 14, 23, 32
   4.6  1, 3, 7, 11, 12, 20, 25
   4.7  2, 6, 9, 12, 16, 28, 29, 34, 35, 45
   4.9  1, 5, 6, 12, 13, 29
   4.10 2, 8, 11, 12, 15, 20, 22, 27, 31, 33, 39, 40, 53, 55

   15.3 14, 17, 20, 25, 28, 35, 38

   5.1  1-4, 15, 18-20, 22
   5.2  1, 2, 5, 9, 12, 17, 18, 21-23, 27, 28, 34-36, 40, 47, 51, 53, 55, 56
   5.3  3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 21, 22, 24, 28-31, 35-37, 45
   5.4  8, 11, 12, 18, 22, 26, 28, 33, 34, 39
   5.5  2, 4-6, 12, 15, 19, 27, 30, 32, 40, 41, 43, 47, 48, 53
   6.1  2, 4, 7, 13, 16, 19, 21, 24, 27

REVIEW

Help on the WEB: The publisher's web site | Calculators (from NIU) | other WEB resources

CLASS NOTES

Worksheets (in pdf format): Optimization problems | Antiderivatives | Integrals (by substitution)

Lectures (in pdf format): The definite integral as an average

Introductory lecture

The original motivation for studying derivatives came from physics, at a time when people were trying to understand things in motion. In this context, the derivative measures velocity, which we can think of as an instantaneous rate of change. The acceleration of an object measures how fast its velocity is changing, and so this can also be measured by a derivative (the second derivative).

When working with the graph of a function, the derivative can be very useful. For a straight line, the derivative is just the slope of the line, and a positive slope corresponds to a graph that moves up (from left to right), while a negative slope corresponds to a graph that moves down. For more general functions, just knowing the sign of the derivative is useful, since the graph goes up when the derivative is positive, and down when it is negative. This allows to find maximum and minimum values for a function.

The indefinite integral is the opposite of the derivative. It allows us to solve the following problem: given a formula that tells the rate of growth at any point in time, try to reconstruct the original function.

The definite integral is an averaging process. For example, the something is moving at a constant rate, the distance it travels is just the rate multiplied by the time it takes. But what if the rate is variable? That is where the definite integral can be used. As another example, in physics the work done by a force is defined to be the magnitude of the force times the distance through which it acts (provided the force is constant). But even in stretching a spring the force is variable, and this simple formula can't be used. The definite integral of the force finds the average force times the distance, and that is why physicists usually define work in terms of an integral. Finally, the integral allows us to find the area under a curve because it can find an average height, multiplied by the width of the interval.

There is a longer essay online, if you have the time to read it.

Understanding the product rule

To take the derivative of the sum of two functions, we use the rule that the derivative of a sum is the sum of the derivatives. Unfortunately, the rule for taking the derivative of a product of two functions is more complicated. A simple example for which we already know the answer gives a good illustration of the difficulties.

Suppose that f(x) = x² and g(x) = x³. Then the individual derivatives are f '(x) = 2x and g '(x) = 3x². We know that the derivative of the product f(x)g(x) = x²x³ = x⁵ should be 5x⁴, but it is difficult to see how to combine f '(x) and g '(x) to get this answer. It turns out that we also have to use f(x) and g(x) in the formula.

One approach to understanding the formula for differentiating products comes from working with tangent lines. Remember that the equation of the line through the point (a,b) with slope m is

y = m(x-a) + b.

y = f '(a)(x-a) + f(a).

y = g '(a)(x-a) + g(a).

f '(a)g '(a)(x-a)² + ( f '(a)g(a) + f(a)g '(a) )(x-a) + f(a)g(a)

Conclusion: the tangent line to y = f(x)g(x) at x=a is

y = ( f '(a)g(a) + f(a)g '(a) )(x-a) + f(a)g(a).

The Product Rule

d/dx ( f(x)g(x) ) = f '(x)g(x) + f(x)g '(x).

Besides remembering the product rule in the "visual" form given above, it is good to remember it in words, as an algorithm.

The derivative of the product of two functions is equal to the derivative of the first times the second, plus the first times the derivative of the second.

Example 1. Going back to the first example, we can now compute

d/dx ( x² x³ ) = (2x)(x³) + (x²)(3x²) = 2x⁴ + 3x⁴ = 5x⁴.

Example 2. It is interesting to see the formula for the derivative of the product of three functions. It clearly shows the pattern in which we add up terms where we differentiate one function at a time.

d/dx ( f(x)g(x)h(x) ) = f '(x)g(x)h(x) + f(x)g '(x)h(x) + f(x)g(x)h '(x)

Understanding the chain rule

The rule for taking the derivative of the composition of two functions is also complicated. Again, a simple example for which we already know the answer gives a good illustration of the difficulties.

Suppose that f(y) = y³ and u(x) = x⁴. The formula for the composite function is f(u(x)) = (x⁴)³. The individual derivatives are f '(y) = 3y² and u '(x) = 4x³. We know that the derivative of the composite function f(u(x)) = x¹² should be 12x¹¹. In this case we just need to substitute y=u(x) into f '(y) and multiply by u '(x). We can show this by looking at the tangent lines.

The line tangent to the curve y = u(x) at x=a is

y = u '(a)(x-a) + u(a).

z = f '(b)(y-b) + f(b).

z = f '(u(a))(y-u(a)) + f(u(a)).

y = u '(a)(x-a) + u(a)

z = f '(u(a))(y-u(a)) + f(u(a)).

z = f '(u(a))(u '(a)(x-a) + u(a) -u(a)) + f(u(a))

z = f '(u(a))(u '(a)(x-a)) + f(u(a))

The Chain Rule

d/dx ( f(u(x)) ) = f '(u(x)) u '(x).

Besides remembering the product rule in the "visual" form given above, it is good to remember it in words, as an algorithm.

The derivative of the composite of two functions is found by taking the derivative of the first function and substituting in the second, the multiplying by the derivative of the second.

Example. 1 Going back to the first example, we can now compute

d/dx ( (x⁴)³ ) = 3(x⁴)²(4x³) = (3x⁸)(4x³) = 12x¹¹.

Example. 2 To give another point of view, we can check the chain rule in a case where we can actually apply the product rule. If f(u(x)) = u(x)³, we can write

f(u(x)) = u(x)³ = u(x)u(x)u(x),

f '(u(x)) = u '(x)u(x)u(x) + u(x)u '(x)u(x) + u(x)u(x)u '(x).

f '(u(x)) = 3 u(x)² u '(x).

Past assignments for 229 Section 11:

    DATE              DUE

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